第五节阅读理解强化练习
Reading Comprehension 4
Passage 1
Friedrich Dobl, a Yugoslav working in Germany, was fed up with traffic jams. At long weekends and holiday times when he wanted to get him quickly he always found himself behind hundreds of other cars moving slowly along the notorious foreign workers´ route through Germany and Austria. How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way. Going home from work one night he passed a garage. And there in front of him was the answer to his problem. An old ambulance was for sale. The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive. He bought the ambulance and opened up for himself a dream world of motoring. It began early in the morning, all his luggage in the back of the ambulance and motorway in Germany looking reasonably clear. Soon, as always, a long line of traffic appeared ahead. He switched on the flashing light and set off the siren. Cars swiftly slowed and pulled off the fast lane. Other cars stopped and drivers waved him ahead to an open road all his own. In record time he crossed the border into Austria. The big bluff was working. Police even waved him through the confusion caused by an accident. But then the Yugoslav made his beg mistake. Until then he had only stopped for petrol. Now he was driving past a real accident, lights flashing, too late to realize that it was not another traffic jam as he assumed. They stopped him, and after hearing the story of his ride across two countries fined him 12.5 pounds.来源：www.examda.com
1. At long weekends and holidays Friedrich Dobl used to____ .
A. drive home in Germany
B. meet other foreign workers
C. get caught in terrible traffic jams
D. get to the place where he worked by a special quick route
2. Why did he decide to buy the ambulance?
A. Because he had always wanted one.
B. Because he wanted to resell it at a higher price.
C. Because he liked the siren and the flashing light.
D. Because he knew that other traffic would get clear of the way for an ambulance.
3. The red cross had been removed ____.
A. but he soon put up a new one
B. but the siren and the flashing light still worked
C. so he asked the garage to paint another one on
D. because the vehicle did not look like an ambulance any more
4. When the police stopped him, ____.
A. he was driving dangerously
B. he had just driven straight past an accident
C. they found 12.5 pounds in his pocket
D. they told him they had followed him all the way
5. Which of the followings might be the best title for the passage?
A. How to Drive Quickly.B. How to Avoid Accidents.
C. A Quick Way Home? By An Ambulance.D. A Safe Way Home? Non-Stop.
1.【答案】C
【解析】从本文第一段可以得知，在德国工作的南斯拉夫人Friedrich Dobl每个周末和放假都会回家，他在穿过德国和奥地利回国的路上受够了交通堵塞。由此可见答案A）回德国的家B）跟其他外国工人见面D）由一条捷径去工作的地方与原文不符，只有答案C）正确。
2.【答案】D
【解析】文中第二段开头提到“How easy it all was for police and emergency services. A siren, a flashing light? And like magic everyone was out of the way.”，意思是对警察和急救人员来说就太简单了，一个警示灯和一个警报器，然后象魔术一样，所有的人都给你让路。由此可见，答案D）是正确答案。
3.【答案】B
【解析】见文中第二段，“The red cross had been removed. But not the flashing light, and the siren. He tried the light. It flashed magnificently. He tried the siren. That too sounded impressive.”，警示灯和警报器都还在，试了试，警示灯很亮，警报器很响，所以正确答案是B。
4.【答案】B
【解析】见原文最后一段，“Now he was driving past a real accident, ... They stopped him”，他开车经过一个真正的车祸现场，他们让他停下，由此可推断出正确答案是B。
5.【答案】C
【解析】详见内容概要，文章主要是关于一个外国工人为了躲过交通堵塞快点到家而买辆救护车来开的故事，所以答案C）最合适。答案A）如何开快车B）如何避免交通事故D）如何安全回家？——不要停！都跟本文大意不符。
Passage 2
Some researchers claim that people´s personalities can be classified by their blood types.If you have blood type O, you are a leader. When you see something you want, you strive to achieve your goal. You are passionate, loyal, and self-confident, and you are often a trendsetter. Your enthusiasm for projects and goals spreads to others who happily follow your lead. When you want something, you may be ruthless about getting it or blind to how your actions affect others. Another blood type, A, is a social, “people” person. You like people and work well with them. You are sensitive, patient, compassionate, and affectionate. You are a good peacekeeper because you want everybody to be happy. In a team situation, you resolve conflicts and keep things on a smooth course. Sometimes type As are stubborn and find it different to relax. They may also find it uncomfortable to do things alone.
People with type B blood are usually individualists who like to do things on their own. You may be creative and adaptable, and you usually say exactly what you mean. Also you can adapt to situations, you may not choose to do so because of your strong independent streak. You may prefer working on your own to being part of a team. The final blood type is type AB. If you have AB blood, you are a natural entertainer. You draw people to your because of your charm and easygoing nature. ABs are usually calm and controlled, tactful and fair. On the downside, though, they may take too long to make decisions. And they may procrastinate, putting off tasks until the last minute.
6. The passage is written by means of ____.
A. enumeration B. process analysisC. classification D. examplification
7. People with type O will do the following things except____.
A. direct a board B. burn the night´s oilC. be considerate D. self-oriented
8. Which of the following is not the feature of type A?
A. Stubborn. B. Sensitive.C. Reserved. D. Patient.
9. What is Not true to type B?
A. He likes to work by himself.
B. He doesn´t think much before he speaks.
C. He has many original ideas.
D. He cannot fit in with the environment.
10. The best profession for a type AB is ____.
A. Musician B. PeacekeeperC. Actor D. Spokesman
6.【答案】C
【解析】本文按照血型分别谈论人的性格，这种写作方法叫分类。
7.【答案】C
【解析】原文谈到O型血的人作领导，会尽力做好想做的事情，又十分自信。但不太在意别人的感受。因而答案选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】原文第三段有相关信息。
9.【答案】D
【解析】原文第四段说明B型血的人是有适应性并能够适应环境的。
10.【答案】C
【解析】本文最后一段提及AB血型的人是天生的演艺人员。因而答案选C
Passage 3
Before the 1870´s, trained nurses were virtually unknown in the United States, Hospital nursing was an unskilled occupation taken up by women of the lower classes, some of whom were conscripted from the penitentiary or the almshouse. The movement for reform originated not with doctors, but among upper-class women, who had taken on the role of guardians of a new hygienic order. Though some doctors approved of the women´s desire to establish a nurses training school, which would attract the daughters of the middle class, other medical men were opposed. Plainly threatened by the prospect, they objected that educated nurses would not do as they were told-a remarkable comment on the status anxieties of nineteenth-century physicians. But the women reformers did not depend on the physicians´ approval: When resisted, as they were at Bellevue in efforts to install trained nurses on the maternity wards, they went over the heads of the doctors to men of their own class of greater power and authority. (Florence Nightingale, who had friends high in the English government, had followed exactly the same course in reforming beer country´s military hospitals.) Professional nursing, in short, emerged neither from medical discoveries nor from a program of hospital reform initiated by physicians; outsiders saw the need first.209
11. Which of the following the best title for the passage?
A. Public Hygiene in the United States
B. Florence Nightingale: A Nurse´s Story
C. The Fight for Nursing Education in the United States
D. Health Care in Upper and Lower-Class Neighborhoods
12. According to the passage, nurses in the United States in the 1850´s could best be described as
A. poor, untrained womenB. young medical students
C. wives of military officersD. middle-class men and women
13. The author states that the first advocates of nursing training in the United States were
A. medical menB. upper-class women
C. professional nursesD. military commanders
14. Why does the author mention Florence Nightingale?
A. To describe the career of a pioneer of United States medicine
B. To show that women doctors supported the effort to upgrade nursing
C. To prove that conditions differed in military and civilian hospitals
D. To show the similarity of her tactics to those used by United States reformers
15. In line 24, the word “outsiders” refers to people who
A. had been rejected by society
B. were not part of the medical establishment
C. had been severely injured in military combat
D. were not citizens of the United States
11.【答案】C
【解析】The Fight for Nursing Education in the United States；本文从头到尾讲的全是美国上层妇女为建立护士教育而进行的斗争。略读一遍，读懂大意，即可得出正确答案为C。
12.【答案】A
【解析】poor, untrained women；本文第二句描述的1870年代以前的护士，是unskilled，来自lower classes的妇女。这意味着她们是未受过训练的贫穷妇女。
13.【答案】B
【解析】upper-class women本文第三句中的The movement for reform是指要求改革当时的护理状况，进行护理训练。即使不认识originated和advocate这两个词，也可据此猜出正确答案为B。
14.【答案】D
【解析】To show the similarity of her tactics to those used by United States reformers；文末括号中关于Nightingale的这一句明确指出，她采取了与美国改革者们完全一样的做法，故正确答案为。
15.【答案】B
【解析】were not part of the medical establishment；大体读懂最后一句，即可看出这里的outsiders是指医务界以外的人，故正确答案为B。
Passage 4
At CapeChurchill in northeastern Manitoba, where the shore of Hudson Bay makes an abrupt 92-degree turn to the west, polar bears congregate in the autumn, waiting for the ice that is their home. By November, pack ice has formed beyond the fast ice, and the bears are moving. To be at the very tip of the Cape in November is to be in the middle of a slow but steadily flowing river of bears, methodically picking their way across the jumbled ice in a straight-line push for their hunting grounds.
The polar bears of Hudson Bay are a distinct population thriving at the southern end of their range. Polar bears live on seals, and to hunt them the bears must have ice to get to where the seals are. Yet in Hudson Bay the ice melts by July and the bears have to come ashore, there to spend four months eating very little, digging into sand dunes and dirt so they can stay cool in the summer “hear,” relaxing into a physiological state like that of black bears in winter dens. They are the polar bear population most accessible to humans, and they are not only the best studied but the most easily experienced by amateur naturalists, photographers, and just plain tourists. 213
16. With what aspect of bears lives is the passage mainly concerned?
A. Their evolutionB. Their hunting skills
C. Their temperamentD. Their seasonal movements
17. According to the passage, polar bears congregate at CapeChurchill during the
A. springB. summerC. fallD. winter
18. The author uses the expression “steadily flowing river of bears” (line7) to illustrate the
A. large number of migrating bears
B. bears graceful movements
C. danger the bears represent
D. bears´ love of the water
19. When the bears move out onto the ice, they look for their
A. densB. youngC. foodD. mates
20. It can be inferred from the passage that the polar bear population of Hudson Bay
A. is one of several polar bear populations
B. is unfriendly toward humans
C. consumes food voraciously during the whole yeas
D. is an endangered species
16.【答案】D
【解析】Their seasonal movements；本文没有涉及北极熊的进化A与性格C；对于它的捕猎海豹B，仅有一句话涉及，并非主要内容。本文第一段和第二段的大部分，谈的都是北极熊随季节变化而进行的迁移D。
17.【答案】C
【解析】fall；文中第一句中的主句指出北极熊在秋天聚集，正确答案为C
18.【答案】A
【解析】large number of migrating bears；“steadily flowing river of bears”是一种形象的说法。把北极熊的行列比喻为一条“不停地流动的河流”，以说明其数目之多，正确答案为A。
19.【答案】C
【解析】food；第二段第二句后半句解释了北极熊走到冰上的原因：去到有海豹的地方捕捉海豹，而海豹是其藉以生存的食物，因而正确答案为C。
20.【答案】A
【解析】is one of several polar bear populations；本文最后一句是通过推论求解本题的主要依据。这一句中的主语They显然是指the polar bear population of Hudson Bay. 它们既然是“人最易接近的北极熊”，除了它们之外，必然还有人不那么容易接近的北极熊。由此可以推论：它们仅是北极熊中的一种而已，故正确答案为A。
