Unit 5
bathos n.比小法;平凡而陈腐风格 [ depth]
baton n.警棒;指挥棒;接力棒 [baston bastum stick]
bats a.神经不正常的;怪异的 [phr. (have) bats in the belfry: BAT]
batten v.长肥 [batna get better bati advantage]
batter v.n.以物易物;交换
battery n.殴打 [batterie batre, battre strike battuere]
battlement n.城墙牒口 [battlemented 有城垛的]
bauble n.美丽而无价值的装饰物 [ babel child's toy]
bawd n.淫话;鸨母;妓女 [ baudetrot, baudestroyt procuress bawdy 淫秽的]
bawl v.n.大叫;叫卖;叫骂 [med baulare bark, Icel baula]
bayou n.海湾;支流;河口 [Amer. Choctau bayuk]
bazaar n.市场;杂货市集;义卖 [Pers bazar, prob through Turk and It]
beacon n.v.信号塔;警告;照明引导 [ beacn ]
beam n.v.杆;光线;放射;微笑 [ beam tree ]
beat n.a.脉博;独家报导;疲倦的 [ beatan ]
beatific a.祝福的 [ beatifique or beatificus beatus blessed]
beatitude n.至上的幸福;至福 [ beatitude or beatitudo beatus blessed]
beaver n.海狸;礼帽;下巴胡子 [work like a beaver勤奋地工作 eager beaver 勤奋的人]
bedeck v.装饰 [ (~ oneself)打扮,修饰(用)装饰(with);甲板]
bedizen v.俗丽地穿著或装饰 [BE-+obs dizen deck out]
bedlam n.疯狂行为;精神病院 [hospital of St Mary of Bethlehem in London]
bedraggle v.全身湿透;把衣服拖脏 [(在泥中等)拖而弄脏;拖曳;下摆拖地]
beefy a.健壮的;结实的 [BEEF 牛肉;(人的)肌肉;身体的胖瘦,体重]
beet n.甜菜 [ bete beta, perh of Celt orig]
beetle n.甲虫;木槌
befall v.发生;产生;降临 [ feallan FALL) Evil befell him. 灾难临到他头上]
beget v.引起;产生 [ begietan, formed as = procreate生育,生殖;产生]
begrudge v.羡慕;嫉妒 [GRUDGE]
beguile v.欺骗;诱骗 [guile to deceive beguiling欺骗的;消遣的]
behold v.看;(命令式)看呀 [haldan hold) lo and ~ 你瞧瞧 beholder n.目睹者]
beholden a.蒙恩的;负有义务的 [pp.(obs except in this use)of ())BEHOLD看; 看呀, =bound]
behoove v.理应;有益于 [HOOVE(兽医)鼓胀症 hoover 用吸尘器扫除]
belabor v.重打;辱骂
belated a.误期的 [pp. of obs belate delay(BE-, LATE)]
beleaguer v.围攻 [camp round (BE-, leger a camp) beleaguered 面临很多困难]
belie v.掩饰 [ beleogan(leogan LIE)]
belittle v.轻视
belle n.美女;绝世美女 [ bella fem. of bellus beautiful]
bellicose a.好战的;好争吵的 [bellicosus bellum war]
belligerent a.交战的 [belligerare wage war bellum war+gerere wage]
bellow v.吼叫声;咆哮 [ perh. rel. to BELL]
belly n.腹;胃;食欲;鼓胀 [belig (orig. = bag) ]
belongings n.pl.财产;附属物;家眷
bemoan v.悲叹 [牢骚,悲叹,哀悼]
benediction n.祝福;恩赐 [benedictio -onis benedicere -dict- bless]
benefactor n.施主;捐助人
beneficial a.有益的;有利的;慈善的 [BENEFICE 圣俸(在英国国教为vicar或rector之收入)]
beneficiary n.受益人 [ beneficiarius(BENEFICE)]
benevolent a.慈善的;和蔼可亲的 [ bene volens -entis well wishing
benevolence仁爱;慈善
benighted a.蒙昧的;被黑暗笼罩的 [obs benight 使陷入黑暗;使愚昧;使无知]
benign a.亲切的;良好的 [ benigne bene well genus born benignity亲切,仁慈]
benison n.祝福 [ benein benedictio -onis]
benumb v.使麻痹;使昏迷不醒 [ niman take]
bequeath v.遗赠;留传 [ becwethan(cwethan say: cf QUOTH)bequest遗赠;遗产]
bequest n.遗赠;遗赠物 [quiste -cwiss, cwide saying]
berate v.痛骂 [BE-+RATE严斥,斥责,骂 严斥(人),谩骂(at)]
bereave v.夺取 [ bereafian(REAVE掠夺;劫夺;窃夺]
bereft a.被剥夺的 [pp. of BEREAVE]
berserk a.疯狂的 [bern- BEAR+serkr coat; go ~ 发狂send a person ~ 使人狂暴]
berth n.v.睡床;停泊处;停泊 [BEAR 开花;结实("搬运")生儿女;具有,带有]
beseech v.恳求;哀恳 [secan SEEK]
beset v.包围 [ besettan]
besiege v.围 [assiege by substitution of asegier]
besmear v.涂;搽脏 [SMEAR)]
besmirch v.污;糟蹋 [BE-+ SMIRCH 弄脏;玷污;污点]
besom n.扫把 [besema]
bespeak v.指出 [ bisprecan(SPEAK)]
bestial a.残忍的;野蛮的 [bestialis bestia beast]
bestow v.赠与;利用 [stow a place]
bestride v.跨骑 [ bestridan]
betimes ad.早;及时;不久;有时 [betime(BY, TIME)]
betoken v.表示 [OE(tacnian signify: TOKEN记号;证据(of);纪念品]
betray v.背叛;出卖;泄露 [tray, tradere hand over]
betroth v.订婚 [trouthe, TRUTH, later assim to TROTH真实,誓言;婚约]
beverage n.饮料 [ bevrage, bibere drink]
bevy n.一群鸟;一群人
beware v.注意;小心;警戒 [Beware of pickpockets. 谨防扒手 WARE小心;器具;货物]
bewilder v.使为难,使不知所措 [wilder lose one's way]
bewitch v.迷惑;陶醉 [wiccian enchant wicca WITCH 女巫;迷人的女人;狐狸精]
bias n.n.斜线;成见,心里的倾向
bibliography n.文献学;参考书目 [bibliographie modL bibliographia (BIBLE,-GRAPHY)]
bibliophile n.珍爱藏书者;藏书家 [ bibliophile(BIBLIO-, -PHILE)]
bibulous a.好饮水的;吸水的 [ bibulus freely drinking bibere drink]
bicameral a.两院制的 [camera chamber]
bicker v.n.插嘴;潺潺流;闪烁 [ biker, beker]
bide v.居住;留;等待;忍受 [bidan ~one's time 等待机会]
biennial a.两年一次的 [ biennis(annus year)]
bifurcate a.分为两部分 [medL bifurcare bifurcus two-forked(furca fork)]
bigotry n.顽固 [BIGOT 顽固者,乖僻的人]
bilateral a.两边的;左右对称的
bile n.胆汁;不开心;脾气 [bilis biliary 胆汁的;输送胆汁的]
bilge n.船底;船底的污垢 [prob var of BULGE("袋")鼓起,凸出]
bilingual a.能说两种语言的 [ bilinguis(lingua tongue)]
bilious a.患胆病的;坏脾气的 [ biliosus bilis bile]
bilk v.欺骗;挫折;使人失望 [perh = BALK: (17thc) = spoil one's opponent's score]
billingsgate n.下流话
bin n.储藏箱;收入收藏室 [ bin(n), binne]
binary a.二进位的;二元的 [ binarius bini two together]
binge n.狂闹 [prob orig dial, = soak浸泡(在液体中)吸收,浴于(阳光)中]
bionomics n.生态学 [BIO- after ECONOMICS]
biopsy n.活体检查法 [biopsie bios life+opsis sight, after necropsy验尸]
biosphere n.生物圈 [BIO-, SPHERE(."球")球;天体;(活动、知识等)范围,领域]
biped n.两足动物 [ bipes -edis(pes pedis foot)]
bisect v.分为两断;(数)平分 [secare sect- cut]
bison n.北美野牛;欧洲野牛 [同aurochs)]
bit n.片刻;小钱币;十二分半 [~s of glass玻璃碎片a ~ of hope一点希望on the bit使马快奔]
bitch n.母狗;妓女;婊子
bivouac n.v.野营;露营地 [prob. Swiss Beiwacht additional guard at night]
bizarre a.古怪的 [ handsome, brave,Port bizarro Basque bizarrabeard]
blab v.多嘴的人
blackmail n.勒索 [BLACKmail rent, malm l agreement]
blade n.叶;刃;扁平的部份;荡子
blanch v.使变白 [blanchir blanc white, BLANK空白的;空虚的;完全的]
bland a.温柔的;殷勤的 [ blandus soft, smooth]
blandish v.逢迎 [ blandus soft, smooth. blandishment n.奉承,逢迎 Despite his~s, the young lady rejected his] [companionship.]
blare v.响声 [ blaren, bleren, imit]
blarney n.恭维话 [Blarney, an Irish castle near Cork with a stone said to
confer a cajoling tongue on whoever kisses it]
blase a.厌烦于享乐或人生的
blasphemy n.骂神;冒渎;不敬;咒骂 [blasfemie blasphemia slander,
blasphemy blasphemous 不敬神的 blaspheme 亵渎];[ 说不恭敬的话
blatant a.喧哗的;炫耀的 [a word used by Spenser(1596), perh after Sc blatand =bleating bleat 咩地叫;抱怨地说]
blazon v.宣布;用纹章装饰 [ blason shield;verb also BLAZE 传播;火焰;烈火地狱]
bleach v.n.漂白 [bleachers 露天座位]
bleak a.寒冷的;荒凉的 [ bleikja, OHG bleicha]
bleed v.流血;流出树液;榨钱 [ bledan ]
blemish n.v.伤;污点;缺点;损伤 [ ble(s)mir(-ISH)make pale, prob of Gmc orig]
blench v.退缩;变白;使变白 [ blencan]
blend v.混杂;混合[~ mayonnaise with other ingredients把蛋黄酱与其他材料混合 The colors of the rainbow~ into one anothe]r虹的色彩交融调和
bless v.神圣化;祈福 [bloedsian, blod blood(hence mark with blood,consecrate)]
blight n.v.障害;阴影;枯凋;挫折 [blighted毁灭的;受虫害的]
blink v.闪烁 [partly var of blenk = BLENCH, partly blinken shine]
bliss n.极乐;极大幸福;喜悦 [ bliths, bliss blithiz BLITHE: sense infl. byBLESS]
blithe a.快乐的;无忧无虑的
blitz n.v.闪击战;以闪击战攻击 [abbr of BLITZKRIEG(德语)= blitz]
blizzard n.大风雪;突发事件 [US 'violent blow'(1829), 'snowstorm'(1859)]
bloat v.n.熏制;膨胀;自负 [obs. bloat swollen, soft and wet, perh. blautrsoaked, flabby]
bloated a.发胀的;傲慢的 [a ~ face 浮肿的脸 ~ with (from) overeating 因吃得太多而浮胖 a ~
politician 自大的政客 He is ~ with] [pride 他狂妄自大]
blockade n.v.封锁;堵塞;堵塞 [BLOCK+-ADE, prob after ambuscade= ambush]
blond a.金发男人 [blondus, blundus yellow, perh. of Gmc orig.]
bloom n.花,开花;鲜美;红润 [ bloma]
blossom n.花;群花;开花期,花季 [ blostm(a) prob. formed as BLOOM]
blot n.v.污痕;弱点;抹脏;吸干 [Scand.: blettr spot, stain]
blotch n.v.污点;斑点;弄脏 [17th plotch and BLOT(墨水)污渍 blotchy满是疙瘩的]
bloted a.肿胀的
blotto a.烂醉的 [20th perh BLOT]
blouse n.罩衫
blowhard n.吹牛大家
bludgeon n.v.棍棒;强迫;胁迫;恫吓 [~ a person to death 把某人打死 ~ a person into going along 强迫某人同行]
blueprint n.蓝图;设计图
bluestocking n.女学者;醉心文学的女人 [from the (less formal) blue stockings worn byone man at a literary society meeting c.1750]
bluff v.虚张声势
blunder v.犯错误 [ prob Scand: cf blundra shut the eyes]
blunt a.钝的;粗卤的;生硬的 [blunge 混合(泥土与水等);参水拌]
blur v.使乌黑;变模糊 [16th c: perh rel to BLEAR<眼睛>花的;朦胧的,模糊不清的]
blurt v.滑口说出 [In his anger he ~ed out the secret 他在生气之下脱口说出了秘密]
